NASA's SSPICY Mission to Inspect Dead Satellites

NASA's Small Spacecraft Propulsion and Inspection Capability (SSPICY) mission launched Oct. 1 from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California. The technology demonstration uses an Otter spacecraft built by Starfish Space to approach up to four inoperable space objects of U.S. origin in low Earth orbit — old satellites and rocket bodies.

The Inspection Timeline

In early 2027, the Otter spacecraft will begin navigating within hundreds of yards of each target. It uses autonomous guidance and control software that requires minimal input from ground controllers. Computer vision and sensors let the software make real-time navigation decisions as it approaches each object.

During inspection, the spacecraft will gather data on each object's spin rate, orientation, and surface condition. An electric propulsion system lets it travel between targets. An articulating robotic boom tests precise thruster pointing for orbit changes.

No Contact Yet

The Otter won't touch or dock with any satellite during this mission. The goal is to prove the technologies that could one day enable servicing, repair, or safe disposal of objects in orbit — pulling them into Earth's atmosphere rather than leaving them as debris.

"The mission is the first time these technologies will be tested together as an integrated system." — NASA

Why It Matters

Space objects that are no longer in service or experiencing issues can break apart or collide, creating debris from large fragments to small particles. With thousands of satellites launching each year for communications, weather forecasting, and navigation, keeping low Earth orbit safe for operations is increasingly critical.

Funding and Development

NASA's Small Spacecraft and Distributed Systems program within the agency's Research and Technology Mission Directorate funds and manages the demonstration. The agency's Small Business Innovation Research / Small Business Technology Transfer program also supported early development of the spacecraft's key technologies. Starfish Space developed and operates the Otter 24C spacecraft.

• autonomous navigation
• NASA
• orbital debris
• satellite inspection
• SSPICY
• Starfish Space